<p class="western" align="right"></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Massima</b></span></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Donare significa soddisfare un interesse personale del debitore che, se volesse soddisfare un interesse patrimoniale, si garantirebbe (al fine appunto di soddisfarlo) un corrispettivo per la propria prestazione; è un principio che vale anche quando la donazione è “</i></span></span><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">indiretta</span></span><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>”, fattispecie nella quale tuttavia la mancanza del rigore formale previsto per la donazione “</i></span></span><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">diretta</span></span><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>” può sortire l’effetto di giustificare disinvolte attribuzioni prive di causa, senza contare il possibile pregiudizio (o il mancato vantaggio) che da un atto “</i></span></span><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">liberale</span></span><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>” e gratuito – talvolta ben celato - può derivare ai creditori del donante, ai relativi successibili </i></span></span><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">post mortem</span></span><span style="font-family: Baskerville Old Face, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i> e financo al coniuge in comunione legale dei beni.</i></span></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>Crono-articolo</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Diritto romano (vedi articolo dedicato in Cittadinanza consapevole)</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1865</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>codificazione liberale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è rilevante in primo luogo, ai sensi dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.1101</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distinzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di tipo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>generico e sistematico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto a titolo oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, nel quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ciascuno</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dei contraenti intende, “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mediante equivalente</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>procurarsi un vantaggio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto a titolo gratuito o di beneficenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, allorché </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uno dei contraenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> intenda </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>procurare un vantaggio all’altro</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>senza</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>equivalente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; tra questi ultimi in particolare rilevante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>la donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, disciplinata dai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soli articoli 1050 e 1051</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove peraltro </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si prevede</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma particolarmente rigorosa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per compiere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’atto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>di </i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>spontanea liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>, col quale il donante </i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>si spoglia attualmente ed irrevocabilmente</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i> della cosa donata in favore del </i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donatario che l’accetta</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”; importante anche, più nello specifico, l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.1238, comma 2</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove si prevede che le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>obbligazioni contratte dal debitore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> possano essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estinte</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> col </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>pagamento fatto da un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>che non vi ha interesse</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, purché quegli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>agisca in nome e per la liberazione del debitore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (sia dunque un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mandatario con rappresentanza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del debitore medesimo) ovvero agisca </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in nome proprio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (mandatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>senza rappresentanza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) ma in questo caso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>senza sottentrare nei diritti del creditore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (sono escluse tuttavia dalla possibile estinzione per adempimento del terzo le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>obbligazioni di fare infungibili</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ex </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art. 1239</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.).</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1942</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il codice civile (21 aprile), disciplina la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità atipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in calce</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alle norme sulla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>diretta</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui agli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>articoli 769 e seguenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - si fa menzione di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> risultanti da “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atti diversi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” rispetto alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>tout court</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, disciplinata negli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>articoli precedenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Un cenno è presente anche all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.737</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove si fa riferimento a quanto si è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ricevuto dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non già solo direttamente ma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, appunto, “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indirettamente</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”. Più in particolare, per l’art.809 c.c. le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, anche se </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>risultano da atti diversi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da quelli previsti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dall'articolo <a href="http://www.brocardi.it/codice-civile/libro-secondo/titolo-v/capo-i/art769.html">769</a></b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, sono soggette alle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stesse norme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che regolano la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>revocazione delle <a href="http://www.brocardi.it/dizionario/1120.html">donazioni</a> per causa d'ingratitudine</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sopravvenienza di figli</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nonché a quelle sulla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione delle donazioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>integrare la quota dovuta ai legittimari</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; sono tuttavia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicitamente escluse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da tale disciplina le liberalità previste dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>secondo comma dell'articolo <a href="http://www.brocardi.it/codice-civile/libro-secondo/titolo-v/capo-i/art770.html">770</a></b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (quelle “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>rimuneratorie</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, che si sogliono fare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in occasione di servizi resi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, o comunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in conformità agli usi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) e quelle che a norma dell'</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>articolo <a href="http://www.brocardi.it/codice-civile/libro-secondo/titolo-iv/capo-ii/art742.html">742</a></b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sono soggette a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. In tema di famiglia ed in particolare di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale tra coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, importante l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.179</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> costituiscono oggetto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e sono dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni personali del coniuge</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da un lato i </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni acquisiti successivamente al matrimonio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per effetto di </span><a href="http://www.brocardi.it/dizionario/1100.html"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o </span><a href="http://www.brocardi.it/dizionario/834.html"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>successione</b></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quando </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nell'atto di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nel testamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che essi sono attribuiti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>alla comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (lettera </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>b</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), dall’altro – ed in chiusura - i </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni acquisiti con il prezzo del trasferimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dei </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni personali sopraelencati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o col </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>loro scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, purché ciò sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>espressamente dichiarato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> all'atto dell'acquisto (lettera </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>f</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">). Di rilievo le norme sulla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegazione di pagamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (art.</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1268 e seguenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), che potrebbero far luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel caso in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il delegato paghi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al creditore delegatario pur </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>senza essere obbligato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nei confronti del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegante </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(e tuttavia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberando quest’ultimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nei confronti del delegatario); parimenti ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> potrebbe far luogo lo schema del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto a favore di terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ex </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.1411</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e seguenti, allorché </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>la relativa causa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si compendi nello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stipulante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, il quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>vuole arricchire il terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> giusta prestazione a relativo beneficio da parte del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>promittente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Importante anche l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.1875</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rendita vitalizia a favore di un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’art.1923, comma 2</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>assicurazione sulla vita a favore del terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, secondo il cui disposto sono fatte salve – rispetto ai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>premi pagati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disposizioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> relative alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>revocazione degli atti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> compiuti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in pregiudizio dei creditori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e quelle relative alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>imputazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione delle donazioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, norma che - letta in combinato disposto con l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.741</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c., laddove è prescritto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’obbligo della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di quanto il defunto ha speso in favore dei </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>relativi discendenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soddisfare premi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> relativi a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratti di assicurazione sulla vita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a loro favore – dimostra come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>la donazione (indiretta)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> abbia in questo caso ad oggetto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>i premi pagati all’assicuratore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già l’indennizzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> eventualmente versato da quest’ultimo.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1943</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 12 marzo esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.582 onde, laddove una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>divisione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> venga dalle parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>consapevolmente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> effettuata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in porzioni diseguali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di avvantaggiare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> taluni tra i condividenti, affiora una fattispecie di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1948</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">La </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>Costituzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prevede all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.41, comma 1</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>libertà della iniziativa economica privata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (entro i </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>limiti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del successivo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comma 2</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) e, con essa, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>garanzia dell’autonomia negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, che si sostanzia nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>libertà</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> riconosciuta alle parti, nel </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>perseguimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dei </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettivi interessi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stipulare contratti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, massime se </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tipici</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atipici</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero comunque laddove dai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contorni non precisamente definiti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, tale libertà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fa i conti in misura maggiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto, con i </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>limiti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> previsti al comma 2 dell’art.41 e segnatamente con l'</span><a href="http://www.brocardi.it/dizionario/182.html"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>utilità sociale</b></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e con la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sicurezza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>libertà</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dignità umana</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, costituendo tali limiti il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>primo e fondamentale parametro di meritevolezza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (in termini di tutela giuridica) degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perseguiti dalle parti.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1949</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 19 aprile esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.943 onde, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto di un bene (immobile)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e relativa </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestazione a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (normalmente, di un discendente), </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma di denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per acquistare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene immobile in parola: in questo caso il donatario è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>debitore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>obbligo di valuta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – a titolo appunto di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – corrispondente alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma che gli è stata donata in vita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>de cuius</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con l’aggiunta degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; viene dunque abbracciata l’opzione ermeneutica che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valorizza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da un lato la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera dell’art.737</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. - onde le norme sulla collazione assumono a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>punto di riferimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non già il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>quantum</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> di arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donatario, quanto piuttosto il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>quantum</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> di impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante (“</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ciò che si è ricevuto dal defunto</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”) e, dunque, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma di denaro</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal relativo patrimonio al fine di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquistare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’immobile ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestarlo a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per esempio, al figlio) – e dall’altro la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera dell’art.1923</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. – onde, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>assicurazione sulla vita a favore del terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si guarda ai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>premi pagati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dall’assicurato, e dunque ancora una volta a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ciò che in termini monetari è uscito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal relativo patrimonio, per individuare, quanto alle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, l’oggetto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione per lesione di legittima</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>revocazione per frode ai creditori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o, appunto, della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - ; una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>freccia nell’arco</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di questa tesi è il fatto che in sede di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>definitiva stesura del codice civile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è stato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soppresso l’art.357</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del relativo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>progetto preliminare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dove invece si prevedeva </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – quale oggetto di conferimento – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile acquistato dall’ascendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato al discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Si tratta di un orientamento che resterà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>granitico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> fino alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine degli anni Ottanta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1955</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 14 febbraio esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.566 alla cui stregua perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1963</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 22 gennaio esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.1685 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 28 giugno esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.1771 che distingue la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – nella quale il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio apparente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> cui si ricollega la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretta) è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>realmente voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>concluso proprio in vista</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della divisata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretta) – dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione simulata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, nella quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’apparente negozio oneroso</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non è</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> invece </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti, che nella realtà vogliono (solo) un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio gratuito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1964</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 9 giugno esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.1416 che, ribadendo quanto già in precedenza affermato, distingue la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – nella quale il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio apparente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> cui si ricollega la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretta) è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>realmente voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>concluso proprio in vista</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della divisata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretta) – dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione simulata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, nella quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’apparente negozio oneroso</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non è</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> invece </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti, che nella realtà vogliono (solo) un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio gratuito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1967</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 23 gennaio esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.203 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 3 marzo esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.507 alla cui stregua la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunzia abdicativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diritto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> determina </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto per via indiretta di un vantaggio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>terzo beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tutte le volte che, attraverso la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunzia </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">medesima, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>venga meno</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> uno </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stato di compressione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui versa </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’interesse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del terzo beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prima della rinunzia</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ridetta.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1969</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 18 aprile esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.1220 secondo la quale si ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allorquando il donante faccia luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a favore del donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>utilizzando strumentalmente</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozi giuridici diversi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur conservando la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa loro propria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, sono appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indirettamente orientati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il donatario per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, mentre si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione simulata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allorché </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’atto compiuto</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a titolo oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>meramente apparente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, volendo le parti – nella realtà – porre in essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo un atto a titolo gratuito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 3 maggio esce la sentenza della Cassazione n. 1465 onde la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> consiste in una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che viene posta in essere – piuttosto che attraverso la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – utilizzando lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>schema di un negozio oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, oltre a produrre </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’effetto tipico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che lo caratterizza (in quanto appunto negozio oneroso), produce </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ulteriore effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, connesso all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>animus donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di una delle parti, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento dell’altra parte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> senza riceverne un corrispettivo.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 6 giugno esce la sentenza della Cassazione n. 1987 che ribadisce la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> consistere in una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che viene posta in essere – piuttosto che attraverso la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – utilizzando lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>schema di un negozio oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, oltre a produrre </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’effetto tipico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che lo caratterizza (in quanto appunto negozio oneroso), produce </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ulteriore effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, connesso all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>animus donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di una delle parti, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento dell’altra parte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> senza riceverne un corrispettivo. Più in specie, viene assunto far luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mandato ad amministrare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> conferito al mandatario con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’obbligo </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">di</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> versare le rendite </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">o</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> altre somme di denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> derivanti dalla gestione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ad un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Del pari per la Corte è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mandato irrevocabile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> conferito </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nell’interesse del mandatario o di un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove l’interesse (al mandato) in capo al mandante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non trovi giustificazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>preesistente rapporto giuridico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che lo avvinca ai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soggetti beneficiari</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>attività gestoria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> divisata.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1970</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 5 dicembre esce la sentenza della Cassazione n. 2565 che ribadisce la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> consistere in una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> posta in essere – piuttosto che attraverso la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – utilizzando lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>schema di un negozio oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, oltre a produrre </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’effetto tipico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che lo caratterizza (in quanto appunto negozio oneroso), produce </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ulteriore effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, connesso all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>animus donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di una delle parti, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento dell’altra parte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> senza riceverne un corrispettivo.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 18 dicembre esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.2710 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1971</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 14 ottobre esce la sentenza della I sezione della Cassazione n.2892, che si occupa del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio c.d. indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per rappresentare come al relativo cospetto la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disciplina giuridica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> applicabile debba assumersi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quella del negozio tipico adottato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti quale “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negozio mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” per raggiungere gli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopi ulteriori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da esse divisati; in sostanza, il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico prescelto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è sì un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>punto di passaggio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il raggiungimento di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopi ulteriori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ma ad esso si applica appunto la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>relativa disciplina</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e non </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quella eventualmente ricollegabile allo scopo ulteriore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perseguito. In tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si tratta di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>affermazione particolarmente importante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dacché applicando la disciplina dello “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>scopo ulteriore</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, e non già quella del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio-mezzo adottato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si dovrebbe far luogo a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma pubblica ex art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1972</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*L’11 marzo esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.712 onde si ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allorquando il donante faccia luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a favore del donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>utilizzando strumentalmente</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozi giuridici diversi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur conservando la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa loro propria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, sono appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indirettamente orientati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il donatario per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, mentre si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione simulata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allorché </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’atto compiuto</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a titolo oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>meramente apparente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, volendo le parti – nella realtà – porre in essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo un atto a titolo gratuito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1974</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 29 maggio esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.1545, onde – in caso di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunzia abdicativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – ne va affermata la natura di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tutte le volte in cui vi sia un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diretto nesso di causalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunzia abdicativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stessa e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento di un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 5 ottobre marzo esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.2621 che ravvisa una ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in fattispecie in cui il beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia stato fatto destinatario di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti negoziali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quanto piuttosto di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti di natura non negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed in specie di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comportamenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di natura </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>positiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come nel caso delle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>costruzioni fatte su suolo altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte di un terzo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con materiali propri</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che può essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esteso alle piantagioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fa perno</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sull’istituto della c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>accessione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Un discorso analogo - facente perno stavolta sui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversi istituti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>usucapione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prescrizione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – può farsi per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comportamenti di natura negativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque sostanzialmente per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’inerzia</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che favorisca il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> facendogli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquistare per usucapione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o facendogli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estinguere per prescrizione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1976</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 10 marzo esce la sentenza della I sezione della Cassazione n.824 che ravvisa una ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in fattispecie in cui il beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia stato fatto destinatario di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti negoziali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quanto piuttosto di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti di natura non negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed in specie di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comportamenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di natura </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>positiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come nel caso delle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>costruzioni fatte su suolo altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte di un terzo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con materiali propri</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che può essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esteso alle piantagioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fa perno</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sull’istituto della c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>accessione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Un discorso analogo - facente perno stavolta sui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversi istituti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>usucapione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prescrizione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – può farsi per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comportamenti di natura negativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque sostanzialmente per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’inerzia</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che favorisca il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> facendogli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquistare per usucapione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o facendogli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estinguere per prescrizione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 16 ottobre esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.3526 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1978</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">L’11 ottobre esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.4550 onde la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si caratterizza non tanto per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’effetto finale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che ne discende, quanto piuttosto per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il mezzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che le parti utilizzano onde conseguire </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il fine di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>la contraddistingue</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; detto fine può essere perseguito dunque attraverso la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica e formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto ex art.769</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c., ovvero attraverso un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio giuridico</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente diverso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, che tuttavia persegue il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>medesimo fine</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per via </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo ulteriore e diverso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa propria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del contratto utilizzato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 19 ottobre esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.4711 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1979</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 24 gennaio esce la sentenza della Cassazione n. 526 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, afferma come si sia al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui – dal punto di vista </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale e formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – si segue il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime proprio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>direttamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">)</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti, che è un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non occorre la forma scritta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per atto pubblico </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; se invece si guarda al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>risultato perseguito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti medesime, vale a dire all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento di una di esse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla quale si applica la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disciplina</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> contenuta nell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c., che rappresenta una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>novità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>codice del 1865</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e che è del pari formalmente “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>libera</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1980</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 25 gennaio esce la sentenza del Tribunale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di Pinerolo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1982</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 3 giugno esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.3394 onde la convenzione con cui una parte, a titolo di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prestazione dell’altra</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>obbliga</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a corrispondergli una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>data somma mensile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> fino al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>relativo decesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e, successivamente, una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rendita in denaro ad un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> vita natural durante (ancorché sottoposta alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>condizione risolutiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>eventuale matrimonio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) si configura come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>costituzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rendita vitalizia onerosa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (giusta costituzione di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>vitalizio successivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) e, ad un tempo, come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nella parte in cui viene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>assicurata la rendita al terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>post mortem</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">).</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 12 ottobre viene varata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ordinanza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della Corte di Cassazione poi numerata 340.83 con la quale viene sollevava in via incidentale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>questione di legittimità costituzionale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>artt. 556 e 564, secondo comma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, del codice civile, per la parte in cui dette norme </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>richiamano l'art. 751</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dello stesso codice, nonché </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dell'art. 751</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> suddetto, per preteso contrasto con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l'art. 3 della Costituzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. In sostanza la Corte - che è la protagonista di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>orientamento giurisprudenziale granitico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> onde, in caso di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto di un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (normalmente immobile) da parte dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ascendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestazione del medesimo a nome del discendente,</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>morte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del primo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’eventuale collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ha ad oggetto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già l’immobile (indirettamente) donato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al beneficiario, quanto piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>la somma spesa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per acquistarlo a suo tempo, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aumentata degli interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (debito di valuta) – dubita della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>legittimità costituzionale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>proprio “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>diritto vivente</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>presunto contrasto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>principio di eguaglianza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dal momento che può profilarsi una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disparità di trattamento tra coeredi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e segnatamente tra chi tra essi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>deve conferire una somma di denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> soggetta al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>principio nominalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per essere stato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donatario indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del bene immobile, acquistato dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>de cuius</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a lui intestato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) e chi al contrario, in veste di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donatario diretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’immobile, deve </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>conferire</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile stesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>imputare alla propria quota</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il corrispondente (ed ovviamente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al tempo dell’apertura della successione. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1983</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">L’8 luglio esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.4618 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato. Per la Corte l’accordo attraverso il quale un soggetto – per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>assuma il debito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un altro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (debitore originario) ha verso un terzo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non fa luogo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica e diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e ciò in quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si verifica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a vantaggio del debitore originario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>alcun arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (che potrebbe aversi solo giusta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>relativa liberazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in forza di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>accollo privativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ex </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.1273, comma 2</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, c.c.), ma si fa luogo in ogni caso una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>effetti obbligatori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra le parti.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1985</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 19 febbraio esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.1446 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 17 ottobre esce la sentenza della Corte costituzionale n.230 che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dichiara inammissibile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la questione di legittimità costituzionale degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>artt. 556 e 564, comma secondo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, del codice civile, per la parte in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>richiamano l'art. 751</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice civile, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dello stesso art. 751</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice civile, sollevata dalla Corte di cassazione, in riferimento all'</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art. 3</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della Costituzione, nel 1982/83, non potendo la Corte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>operare scelte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nell'ambito di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soluzioni plurime tutte "</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>astrattamente possibili</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>"</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, né valutare essa la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>congruità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ventaglio di soluzioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da indicare al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>legislatore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, cui resta pertanto la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discrezionalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ordine alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disciplina della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al cospetto di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni dirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni indirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (acquisto ed intestazione a nome altrui) di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni immobili</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>de cuius</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1986</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 15 gennaio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.171 che si occupa della particolare fattispecie in cui un soggetto stipula un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>venditore di un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fornisce poi il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – che egli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intende beneficiare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – per la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stipula del definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> viene poi stipulato dal ridetto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>terzo beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: in questi casi si è per la Corte al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (normalmente immobile) oggetto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sequenza preliminare-definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1987</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 21 dicembre esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.9500 alla cui stregua, allorché un coniuge, in sede di separazione consensuale, assuma l’obbligo nei confronti dell’altro coniuge di provvedere al mantenimento del figlio minore, impegnandosi a tal fine a trasferirgli un bene immobile, questi pone in essere con il ridetto coniuge un contratto preliminare a favore del figlio, con la conseguenza che l’atto scritto con cui il coniuge – obbligatosi all’esecuzione di tale contratto preliminare – dichiara di trasferire al figlio quel bene, essendo privo dello spirito di liberalità, non configura una donazione, ma piuttosto una proposta di contratto unilaterale, gratuito e atipico che, ai sensi dell’art.1333 c.c., in assenza di rifiuto del destinatario in un termine adeguato alla natura dell’affare o stabilito dagli usi, determina l’irrevocabilità della pertinente proposta e quindi la conclusione del contratto medesimo, nonostante la volontà di accettazione della controparte non risulti da atto scritto, dovendosi assumere assolto l’onere della forma attraverso le modalità con le quali è stata formulata la proposta.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">La Corte preliminarmente – al fine di fissare l'ambito dei propri poteri - rammenta come i motivi d'impugnazione vadano interpretati dal giudice che deve porli a fondamento della pronuncia richiestagli; ciò nel senso che il giudice medesimo, al di la' di imprecisioni formali e di impostazioni giuridiche non corrette, e' tenuto a cogliere le ragioni essenziali effettivamente espresse con la doglianza formulata dal soccombente contro la sentenza soggetta a riesame e, sulla base dei fatti accertati e delle eccezioni in senso proprio tempestivamente sollevate, e' tenuto ad applicare ad essi, in relazione ai motivi esposti dall'interessato ed intesi nel senso accennato, le norme adeguate e gli istituti giuridici opportuni. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Tanto premesso, esattamente per il Collegio la corte napoletana ha nel caso di specie ritenuto (con la sentenza gravata) che il negozio intercorso nel 1959 tra i coniugi Z. T., mediante cui il primo si e' obbligato a "</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>donare</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">" una appezzamento di terreno alla figlia minorenne Antonietta per provvedere così, mediante elargizione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>una tantum</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, al relativo mantenimento, configurasse un contratto preliminare a favore di terzo (figura giuridica ammissibile secondo la giurisprudenza della Corte; cfr. sent. 5 aprile 1974, n. 967). </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Altrettanto ineccepibilmente la stessa corte territoriale ha rilevato che l'atto con cui Z., dando attuazione e tale obbligo, ha manifestato l'irrevocabile volontà di trasferire alla figlia il terreno ridetto, non costituiva affatto una donazione, secondo l'erronea indicazione del rogito, esulando da esso ogni intento di liberalità, ma avendo piuttosto essa causa nell'esigenza di soddisfare un preciso obbligo legale: quello ineludibile di provvedere al mantenimento dei figli, fino a che questi non siano posti in condizioni di autonomia economica. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Ne deriva – prosegue la Corte - che l'atto notar G. del 26 giugno 1960 sancisce la volonta' dello Z. di trasferire, con effetto immediato, irrevocabilmente e gratuitamente ad Antonietta Z. il piccolo fondo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>de quo</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Col secondo motivo di ricorso – chiosa ancora il Collegio - la destinataria, dolendosi della circostanza che sia stato ritenuto revocabile tale atto e legittima la revoca concretamente espressa dal padre nel 1975, pure tra molte inesattezze e non condivisibili costruzioni giuridiche, ha colto il punto nodale della controversia, conferendo alla Corte il potere dovere di intervenire al fine di eliminare alcuni errori riscontrabili nelle ulteriori argomentazioni del giudice del merito e, in conseguenza, nell'impugnata decisione. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Ha ritenuto, la corte pertenopea, che il rogito G. piu' volte menzionato, del giugno 1960, costituisse una proposta di trasferimento immobiliare, in adempimento di un obbligo giuridico, revocabile perché privo della indicazione del termine per l'accettazione e, in effetti, legittimamente revocata essendo nel frattempo mancata l'accettazione dell'interessata, da esprimere nel rispetto della forma richiesta per i trasferimenti immobiliari. Ha aggiunto, il giudice d'appello, che tra i modi di acquisto della proprietà (art. 922 c.c.), non sono annoverati gli atti unilaterali. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Senonché – osserva la Corte - mediante tale impostazione e' stato omesso di considerare che, ai sensi dell'art. 1333 c.c., la proposta diretta a concludere un contratto da cui derivino obbligazioni solo per il proponente, e' irrevocabile appena giunge a conoscenza della parte alla quale e' destinata. E' vero che, a tenore della medesima norma, il destinatario puo' rifiutare la proposta entro il termine richiesto dalla natura dell'affare o dagli usi; ma, in mancanza di tale rifiuto, il contratto e' concluso. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Nelle specie e' assolutamente pacifico che la cosiddetta donazione e' pervenuta a conoscenza della destinataria, dato che e' avvenuto il trasferimento del possesso del bene. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Inoltre e' altrettanto certo che il rifiuto del trasferimento immobiliare non v'e' stato; anzi l'acquisizione e il prolungato e pacifico esercizio del possesso suddetto implica, addirittura, una tacita e inequivoca manifestazione della volontà contraria. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Dato ciò il contratto - di tipo unilaterale perché comportante prestazioni solo a carico di una delle parti - si e' concluso ed ha determinato, con il passaggio della proprietà immobiliare dal padre alla figlia, una nuova situazione giuridica non modificabile unilateralmente. A ragione, quindi, la ricorrente censura l'impugnata sentenza che ha ritenuto revocabile una manifestazione di volontà, ed i connessi effetti giuridici, che tale non era. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Ne' e' possibile obiettare per il Collegio, in ipotesi, che l'accettazione del trasferimento immobiliare non sarebbe avvenuta con la forma richiesta: va considerato che la disciplina delineata dall'art. 1333 c.c., all'infuori dei casi espressamente previsti dalla legge, come in tema di donazione, non soffre deroga allorché il contratto unilaterale sia soggetto all'esigenza della forma scritta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>ad substantiam</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; tale esigenza, invero, deve ritenersi soddisfatta sol che sia consacrato in iscritto l'obbligo del promittente (che nella specie si riscontra), mentre a conferire certezza al negozio concluso e' sufficiente la produzione in giudizio, da parte del promissario, dello scritto contenente l'obbligazione dell'altro contraente, unico obbligato. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">L'impostazione e la soluzione della controversia nel senso sopra delineato rendono palese l'inconsistenza della tesi, esposta nel primo motivo, del litisconsorzio necessario nei confronti di Vincenza T.: il contratto preliminare a favore di terzo da lei concluso con il marito si e' realizzato nel contratto unilaterale atipico e gratuito con cui quest'ultimo ha trasferito alla figlia la proprietà di un fondo, secondo gli impegni assunti; e la presente controversia – precisa la Corte - riguarda esclusivamente gli effetti di quest'ultimo contratto e le parti che lo hanno concluso. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il ricorso deve quindi per la Corte essere accolto per quanto di ragione e l'impugnata sentenza cassata; il giudice di rinvio, nel procedere al nuovo giudizio di secondo grado, si atterra' ai seguenti principi di diritto: allorché taluno, in sede di separazione coniugale consensuale, assume l'obbligo di provvedere al mantenimento di una figlia minore, impegnandosi a tal fine a trasferirle nel prossimo futuro un determinato bene immobile, pone in essere con il coniuge un contratto preliminare a favore di terzo. Quando poi, in esecuzione di detto obbligo, dichiara per iscritto di trasferire alla figlia tale bene, avvia il processo formativo di un negozio che, privo della connotazione dell'atto di liberalità, esula dalla donazione ma configura una proposta di contratto unilaterale, gratuito e atipico che, ai sensi dell'art. 1333 c.c., in mancanza di rifiuto del destinatario entro il termine adeguato alla natura dell'affare e stabilito dagli usi, determina la conclusione del contratto stesso e, quindi, l'irrevocabilità della proposta; ciò a nulla rilevando che la volontà di accettazione non risulti da atto scritto, dovendosi ritenere assolto l'obbligo della forma attraverso le modalità con cui e' stata formulata la pertinente proposta.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1988</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 28 novembre esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.6416 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1989</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 31 gennaio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.596 che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>abbandona</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il proprio </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tradizionale orientamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – inteso ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>individuare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile acquistato dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (segnatamente, a nome di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma a suo tempo uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante (aumentata degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per abbracciare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa opzione ermeneutica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – di stampo maggiormente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sostanzialistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e più idonea </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scongiurare disparità di trattamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra coeredi – alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quanto ha arricchito il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque in sostanza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al valore dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aperta successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 7 dicembre esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 5410 che ribadisce la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> consistere in una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che viene posta in essere – piuttosto che attraverso la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – utilizzando lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>schema di un negozio oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, oltre a produrre </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’effetto tipico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che lo caratterizza (in quanto appunto negozio oneroso), produce </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ulteriore effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, connesso all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>animus donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di una delle parti, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento dell’altra parte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> senza riceverne un corrispettivo.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1991</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 6 maggio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.4986 che ribadisce di voler </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>abbandonare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il proprio </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tradizionale orientamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – inteso ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>individuare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile acquistato dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (segnatamente, a nome di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma a suo tempo uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante (aumentata degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per abbracciare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa opzione ermeneutica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – di stampo maggiormente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sostanzialistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e più idonea </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scongiurare disparità di trattamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra coeredi – alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quanto ha arricchito il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque in sostanza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al valore dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aperta successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 29 maggio esce la sentenza del Tribunale di Napoli in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>caduta in comunione legale</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tra coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dei </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni donati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad uno di essi. Se si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (sovente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) si applica – a rigore - </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’art.179, comma 1, lettera b)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice civile onde è sufficiente dimostrare che il bene in questione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>è stato assegnato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al coniuge a titolo (di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>successione ereditaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ovvero) di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (quale che essa sia), per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> appunto il ridetto bene dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; nella stessa norma viene tuttavia previsto che il bene divisato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>cada in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quando </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nell’”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nel testamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) venga </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che esso è appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>attribuito alla comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e poiché nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indiretta</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nulla</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> viene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, il problema che si è posto è capire se si applica </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in ogni caso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’art.179, comma 1, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera b)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero debba applicarsi piuttosto la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regola generale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.177, comma 1, lettera a)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">compiuto dal coniuge</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> (donatario)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in costanza di matrimonio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e come tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>automaticamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ricadente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione.</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> Il Tribunale abbraccia la tesi (che si rivelerà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>minoritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) secondo la quale il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene oggetto di donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (a differenza di quello oggetto di donazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) cade </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, stante il c.d. “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>favor communionis</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” e la natura </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>eccezionale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> delle ipotesi disciplinate dall’art.179 rispetto alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regola generale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, appunto, della caduta in comunione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di tutti gli acquisti di ciascuno dei coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in costanza di matrimonio, come dimostrerebbe anche la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa espressione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzata dal legislatore, che parla in poche righe dapprima di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (diretta) e poi di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, proprio per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distinguere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> questa seconda ipotesi dalla prima.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1992</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 5 ottobre esce la sentenza delle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della Cassazione n.9282 che autorevolmente ribadisce come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>vada abbandonato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tradizionale orientamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – inteso ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>individuare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile acquistato dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (segnatamente, a nome di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma a suo tempo uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante (aumentata degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per abbracciare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa opzione ermeneutica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – di stampo maggiormente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sostanzialistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e più idonea </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scongiurare disparità di trattamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra coeredi – alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quanto ha arricchito il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque in sostanza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al valore dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aperta successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. La Corte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distingue</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro l’ipotesi in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente dona</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non può che essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui il genitore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ha inteso beneficiare il figlio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed il cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autonomo</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>reimpiego</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per l’acquisto dell’immobile </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non può avere rilievo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estraneo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>previsione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stessa del donante; dalla diversa ipotesi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro donato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specifico scopo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di consentire al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola, laddove si riscontra un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>preciso nesso di causalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dazione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>configurabilità della donazione (indiretta)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stesso, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già solo del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che serve per acquistarlo, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prescindendo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>concreto atteggiarsi della fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, potendo accadere che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscriva </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">con il promittente venditore</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> il preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> seguito poi da </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscrizione del contratto definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente acquisti l’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero ancora che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>doni al discendente il denaro necessario</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per procedere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al pertinente acquisto. Per la Corte in tutte queste ipotesi si è – all’evidenza - al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non rivestendosi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, è mosso dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo scopo e l’effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire gratuitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario: si deve pertanto avere riguardo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già tanto all’impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante, quanto piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>all’arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal donante) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>del donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo ultimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perseguito appunto dal donante, onde appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduttivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla Corte (come fa la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tesi formalistica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in precedenza sposata) affermare che tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento del beneficiario </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrisponda</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o valore) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uscito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante, e dunque del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro usato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per acquistare il divisato immobile. Mentre nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donatario) appare alla Corte predicabile, nelle ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per effetto di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> concluso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già direttamente con il donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (come appunto nelle ipotesi di donazione diretta) ma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come quando si utilizzi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>procedimento di donazione indiretta complesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui il donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’immobile acquistato dal venditore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con denaro del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde la corrispondenza in parola può non sussistere, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento del donatario al tempo X</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> potendosi palesare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in termini di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento del donante al precedente tempo Y</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. La Corte ribadisce infine come nel caso in cui un soggetto stipuli un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>venditore di un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fornisca poi il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – che egli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intende beneficiare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – per la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stipula del definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> viene poi stipulato dal ridetto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>terzo beneficiario,</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si sia al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (normalmente immobile) oggetto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sequenza preliminare-definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 21 ottobre esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 11499 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ribadisce come si sia al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui – dal punto di vista </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale e formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – si segue il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime proprio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>direttamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">)</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti, che è un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non occorre la forma scritta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per atto pubblico </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; se invece si guarda al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>risultato perseguito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti medesime, vale a dire all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento di una di esse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla quale si applica la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disciplina</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> contenuta nell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c., che rappresenta una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>novità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>codice del 1865</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 23 dicembre esce la sentenza della I sezione della Cassazione n.13630 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1993</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 25 marzo esce la sentenza del Tribunale di Catania che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ribadisce come si sia al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui – dal punto di vista </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale e formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – si segue il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime proprio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>direttamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">)</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti, che è un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non occorre la forma scritta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per atto pubblico </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; se invece si guarda al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>risultato perseguito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti medesime, vale a dire all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento di una di esse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla quale si applica la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disciplina</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> contenuta nell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c., che rappresenta una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>novità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>codice del 1865</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1994</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*L’8 febbraio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.1257 che, riprendendo quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autorevolmente ed innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> affermato dalle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel 1992 - ribadisce che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>va abbandonato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tradizionale orientamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – inteso ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>individuare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile acquistato dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (segnatamente, a nome di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma a suo tempo uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante (aumentata degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per abbracciare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa opzione ermeneutica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – di stampo maggiormente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sostanzialistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e più idonea </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scongiurare disparità di trattamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra coeredi – alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quanto ha arricchito il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque in sostanza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al valore dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aperta successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. La Corte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distingue</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro l’ipotesi in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente dona</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non può che essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui il genitore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ha inteso beneficiare il figlio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed il cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autonomo</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>reimpiego</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per l’acquisto dell’immobile </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non può avere rilievo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estraneo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>previsione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stessa del donante; dalla diversa ipotesi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro donato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specifico scopo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di consentire al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola, laddove si riscontra un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>preciso nesso di causalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dazione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>configurabilità della donazione (indiretta)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stesso, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già solo del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che serve per acquistarlo, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prescindendo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>concreto atteggiarsi della fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, potendo accadere che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscriva </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">con il promittente venditore</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> il preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> seguito poi da </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscrizione del contratto definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente acquisti l’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero ancora che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>doni al discendente il denaro necessario</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per procedere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al pertinente acquisto. Per la Corte in tutte queste ipotesi si è – all’evidenza - al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non rivestendosi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, è mosso dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo scopo e l’effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire gratuitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario: si deve pertanto avere riguardo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già tanto all’impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante, quanto piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>all’arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal donante) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>del donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo ultimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perseguito appunto dal donante, onde appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduttivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla Corte (come fa la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tesi formalistica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in precedenza sposata) affermare che tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento del beneficiario </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrisponda</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o valore) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uscito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante, e dunque del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro usato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per acquistare il divisato immobile. Mentre nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donatario) appare alla Corte predicabile, nelle ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per effetto di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> concluso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già direttamente con il donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (come appunto nelle ipotesi di donazione diretta) ma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come quando si utilizzi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>procedimento di donazione indiretta complesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui il donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’immobile acquistato dal venditore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con denaro del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde la corrispondenza in parola può non sussistere, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento del donatario al tempo X</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> potendosi palesare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in termini di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento del donante al precedente tempo Y</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 19 luglio esce la sentenza della Corte d’Appello di Napoli in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>caduta in comunione legale</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tra coniuge</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dei </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni donati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad uno di essi. Se si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (sovente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) si applica – a rigore - </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’art.179, comma 1, lettera b)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice civile onde è sufficiente dimostrare che il bene in questione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>è stato assegnato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al coniuge a titolo (di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>successione ereditaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ovvero) di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (quale che essa sia), per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> appunto il ridetto bene dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; nella stessa norma viene tuttavia previsto che il bene divisato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>cada in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quando </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nell’”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nel testamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) venga </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che esso è appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>attribuito alla comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e poiché nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indiretta</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nulla</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> viene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, il problema che si è posto è capire se si applica </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in ogni caso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’art.179, comma 1, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera b)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero debba applicarsi piuttosto la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regola generale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.177, comma 1, lettera a)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">compiuto dal coniuge</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> (donatario)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in costanza di matrimonio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>automaticamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ricadente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione.</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> La Corte abbraccia la tesi (che si rivelerà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>minoritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) secondo la quale il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene oggetto di donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (a differenza di quello oggetto di donazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) cade </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, stante il c.d. “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>favor communionis</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” e la natura </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>eccezionale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> delle ipotesi disciplinate dall’art.179 rispetto alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regola generale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, appunto, della caduta in comunione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di tutti gli acquisti di ciascuno dei coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in costanza di matrimonio, come dimostrerebbe anche la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa espressione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzata dal legislatore, che parla in poche righe dapprima di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (diretta) e poi di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, proprio per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distinguere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> questa seconda ipotesi dalla prima.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 01 agosto esce la sentenza della I sezione della Cassazione n.7160 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rendita vitalizia a favore di un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ex </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.1875</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> afferma come – trattandosi di una fattispecie di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>necessaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma scritta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prevista per la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui all’art.769 c.c.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1997</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 10 febbraio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.1214 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato. Per la Corte la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ragione sostanziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mancata sussistenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>onere di forma solenne</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per le donazioni indirette risiede nel fatto che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. – laddove prescrive la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma dell’atto pubblico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per la donazione diretta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>al fine di tutelare il donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> può essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esteso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (a differenza delle norme che invece </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tutelano i terzi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e ciò in quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento non è l’effetto tipico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del negozio che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>adottano</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per realizzarlo. Per la Corte il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> costituisce una delle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>espressioni tipiche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autonomia privata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e dunque la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in linea di principio, non può che essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quella del negozio di volta in volta adottato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quella del negozio che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in modo tipico è previsto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dall’ordinamento (nel caso di specie, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per la realizzazione della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al cui perseguimento </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>è stata piegata la funzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio posto concretamente in essere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti. Il principio, prosegue la Corte, vale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni indirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e ciò tanto più tenendo conto del fatto che esso, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lungi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal trovare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ostacolo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dato normativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ne riceve invece </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>conferma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come è ben desumibile </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dall’art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. che, nello stabilire </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quali siano le norme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sulle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che si applicano agli altri </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> realizzati con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozi diversi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da quello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tipico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui all’art.769 c.c., </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non richiama</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra esse quella che prescrive la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specifica forma dell’atto pubblico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> normalmente richiesta per la donazione, vale a dire </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.. Sotto altro profilo, prosegue la Corte, non si è mancato di far osservare che, dal momento che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>la norma sulla forma della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> fa parte di quelle disposizioni intese a realizzare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>la tutela del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (onde scongiurare che lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> possa trasformarsi in un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>pregiudizio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il donante medesimo), utilizzando uno </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strumento di carattere preventivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma pubblica </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> appunto), detta norma – a differenza delle altre norme che assicurano </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>la tutela dei terzi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> può essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estesa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a quei negozi che perseguano lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> giusta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>schemi negoziali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> previsti per il raggiungimento di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>finalità di altro genere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; diversamente opinando, si configurerebbe infatti per la Corte un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>troppo radicale sacrificio dell’autonomia privata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla quale va ricondotto il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>potere delle parti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di avvalersi delle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>figure negoziali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per perseguire </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>finalità lecite</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e, come tali, idonee a trovare nell’ordinamento il relativo riconoscimento. Con questa sentenza la Corte, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>supera</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 14 maggio esce la sentenza della III sezione delle Cassazione n.4231 che, riprendendo quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autorevolmente ed innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> affermato dalle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel 1992 - ribadisce che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>va abbandonato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tradizionale orientamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – inteso ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>individuare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile acquistato dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (segnatamente, a nome di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma a suo tempo uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante (aumentata degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per abbracciare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa opzione ermeneutica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – di stampo maggiormente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sostanzialistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e più idonea </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scongiurare disparità di trattamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra coeredi – alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quanto ha arricchito il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque in sostanza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al valore dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aperta successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. La Corte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distingue</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro l’ipotesi in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente dona</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non può che essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui il genitore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ha inteso beneficiare il figlio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed il cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autonomo</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>reimpiego</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per l’acquisto dell’immobile </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non può avere rilievo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estraneo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>previsione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stessa del donante; dalla diversa ipotesi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro donato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specifico scopo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di consentire al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola, laddove si riscontra un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>preciso nesso di causalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dazione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>configurabilità della donazione (indiretta)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stesso, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già solo del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che serve per acquistarlo, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prescindendo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>concreto atteggiarsi della fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, potendo accadere che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscriva </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">con il promittente venditore</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> il preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> seguito poi da </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscrizione del contratto definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente acquisti l’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero ancora che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>doni al discendente il denaro necessario</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per procedere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al pertinente acquisto. Per la Corte in tutte queste ipotesi si è – all’evidenza - al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non rivestendosi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, è mosso dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo scopo e l’effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire gratuitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario: si deve pertanto avere riguardo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già tanto all’impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante, quanto piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>all’arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal donante) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>del donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo ultimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perseguito appunto dal donante, onde appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduttivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla Corte (come fa la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tesi formalistica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in precedenza sposata) affermare che tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento del beneficiario </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrisponda</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o valore) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uscito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante, e dunque del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro usato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per acquistare il divisato immobile. Mentre nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donatario) appare alla Corte predicabile, nelle ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per effetto di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> concluso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già direttamente con il donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (come appunto nelle ipotesi di donazione diretta) ma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come quando si utilizzi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>procedimento di donazione indiretta complesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui il donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’immobile acquistato dal venditore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con denaro del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola può non sussistere, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento del donatario al tempo X</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> potendosi palesare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in termini di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento del donante al precedente tempo Y</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 15 novembre esce la sentenza della III sezione della Cassazione n.11237, in tema di donazione indiretta e comunione legale tra coniugi. Se si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (sovente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) si applica – a rigore - </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’art.179, comma 1, lettera b)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice civile onde è sufficiente dimostrare che il bene in questione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>è stato assegnato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al coniuge a titolo (di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>successione ereditaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ovvero) di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (quale che essa sia), per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> appunto il ridetto bene dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; nella stessa norma viene tuttavia previsto che il bene divisato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>cada in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quando </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nell’”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nel testamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) venga </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che esso è appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>attribuito alla comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e poiché nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indiretta</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nulla</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> viene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, il problema che si è posto è capire se si applica </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in ogni caso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’art.179, comma 1, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera b)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero debba applicarsi piuttosto la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regola generale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.177, comma 1, lettera a)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">compiuto dal coniuge</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> (donatario)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in costanza di matrimonio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">¸ e dunque</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> automaticamente </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">ricadente</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. La Corte, in proposito, ripudia la tesi (che si rivelerà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>minoritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) onde il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene oggetto di donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (a differenza di quello oggetto di donazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) cadrebbe </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, stante il c.d. “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>favor communionis</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” e la natura </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>eccezionale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> delle ipotesi disciplinate dall’art.179 rispetto alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regola generale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, appunto, della caduta in comunione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di tutti gli acquisti di ciascuno dei coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in costanza di matrimonio, come dimostrerebbe anche la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa espressione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzata dal legislatore, che parla in poche righe dapprima di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (diretta) e poi di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, proprio per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distinguere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> questa seconda ipotesi dalla prima. Per la Corte va piuttosto abbracciata la tesi (che sarà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggioritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) onde, all’opposto (e valorizzando il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>consapevole e voluto collegamento negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>messa a disposizione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), anche in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">in comunione, in quanto sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>letterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la nozione di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>onnicomprensiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed inglobante in sé anche la “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, mentre sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non conta la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>personale</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la quale ultima </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> può assumersi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>requisito essenziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, essendo piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rilevante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il requisito opposto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>alla comunione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, questa sì </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>da specificarsi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> se si vuole </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’effetto della attribuibilità del bene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>al novero di</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quelli personali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del coniuge che lo riceve; laddove dunque un ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisti un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al proprio discendente coniugato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in regime di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, tale bene, - salva </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in senso contrario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - quale “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (seppure indiretta) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in comunione, sia perché il donante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ciò non vuole</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (salva appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’esplicita, opposta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà), sia perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>logica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della caduta di un bene acquistato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> risiede nel fatto che tale acquisto è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>precipitato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collaborazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sacrificio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>entrambi i coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, circostanza che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si verifica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel caso in cui il bene sia stato appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donato solo ad uno di essi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 30 dicembre esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.13117, che – in caso di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunzia abdicativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – ne conferma la natura di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tutte le volte in cui vi sia un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diretto nesso di causalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunzia abdicativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stessa e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento di un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Detta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunzia abdicativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diritto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> determina </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto per via indiretta di un vantaggio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>terzo beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tutte le volte che, attraverso la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunzia </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">medesima, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>venga meno</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> uno </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stato di compressione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui versa </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’interesse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del terzo beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prima della rinunzia</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ridetta.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1998</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*L’8 maggio esce la sentenza della I sezione della Cassazione n.4680 che, riprendendo quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autorevolmente ed innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> affermato dalle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel 1992 - ribadisce che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>va abbandonato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tradizionale orientamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – inteso ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>individuare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile acquistato dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (segnatamente, a nome di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma a suo tempo uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante (aumentata degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per abbracciare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa opzione ermeneutica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – di stampo maggiormente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sostanzialistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e più idonea </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scongiurare disparità di trattamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra coeredi – alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quanto ha arricchito il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque in sostanza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al valore dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aperta successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. La Corte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distingue</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro l’ipotesi in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente dona</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non può che essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui il genitore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ha inteso beneficiare il figlio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed il cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>reimpiego</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per l’acquisto dell’immobile </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non può avere rilievo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estraneo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>previsione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stessa del donante; dalla diversa ipotesi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro donato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specifico scopo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di consentire al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola, laddove si riscontra un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>preciso nesso di causalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dazione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>configurabilità della donazione (indiretta)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stesso, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già solo del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che serve per acquistarlo, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prescindendo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>concreto atteggiarsi della fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, potendo accadere che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscriva </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">con il promittente venditore</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> il preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> seguito poi da </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscrizione del contratto definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente acquisti l’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero ancora che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>doni al discendente il denaro necessario</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per procedere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al pertinente acquisto. Per la Corte in tutte queste ipotesi si è – all’evidenza - al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non rivestendosi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, è mosso dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo scopo e l’effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire gratuitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario: si deve pertanto avere riguardo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già tanto all’impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante, quanto piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>all’arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal donante) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>del donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo ultimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perseguito appunto dal donante, onde appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduttivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla Corte (come fa la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tesi formalistica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in precedenza sposata) affermare che tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento del beneficiario </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrisponda</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o valore) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uscito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante, e dunque del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro usato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per acquistare il divisato immobile. Mentre nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donatario) appare alla Corte predicabile, nelle ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per effetto di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> concluso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già direttamente con il donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (come appunto nelle ipotesi di donazione diretta) ma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come quando si utilizzi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>procedimento di donazione indiretta complesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui il donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’immobile acquistato dal venditore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con denaro del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola può </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non sussistere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento del donatario al tempo X</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> potendosi palesare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in termini di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento del donante al precedente tempo Y</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>1999</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 10 aprile esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.3499 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato. Statuendo in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la Corte assume ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>superata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2000</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 21 gennaio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 642 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, assume ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>superata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Si è dunque al cospetto di un solo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tesi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prevalente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto commutativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> costituendo lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strumento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> attraverso il quale si giunge – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per via indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - a quello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; la conseguenza è che si applica la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> propria del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto prescelto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con funzione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della donazione, come peraltro conferma lo stesso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice laddove individua le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>norme materiali sulle donazioni</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che possono applicarsi agli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti di liberalità diversi dalla donazione </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>tout court</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (donazioni “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indirette</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”), </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>senza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicitamente richiamato l’art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. ed il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rigore formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ivi prescritto (atto pubblico). Per la Corte – dal punto di vista </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale e formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – si segue il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime proprio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>direttamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">)</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti, che è un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non occorre la forma scritta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per atto pubblico </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; se invece si guarda al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>risultato perseguito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti medesime, vale a dire all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento di una di esse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla quale si applica la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disciplina</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> contenuta nell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c., che rappresenta una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>novità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>codice del 1865</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 3 ottobre esce la sentenza del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>Tribunale di Firenze</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, assume ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>superata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 14 dicembre esce la sentenza della I sezione della Cassazione n.15778 che, riprendendo quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autorevolmente ed innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> affermato dalle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel 1992 - ribadisce che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>va abbandonato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tradizionale orientamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – inteso ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>individuare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile acquistato dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (segnatamente, a nome di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma a suo tempo uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante (aumentata degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per abbracciare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa opzione ermeneutica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – di stampo maggiormente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sostanzialistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e più idonea </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scongiurare disparità di trattamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra coeredi – alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quanto ha arricchito il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque in sostanza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al valore dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aperta successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. La Corte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distingue</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro l’ipotesi in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente dona</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non può che essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui il genitore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ha inteso beneficiare il figlio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed il cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>reimpiego</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per l’acquisto dell’immobile </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non può avere rilievo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estraneo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>previsione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stessa del donante; dalla diversa ipotesi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro donato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specifico scopo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di consentire al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola, laddove si riscontra un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>preciso nesso di causalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dazione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>configurabilità della donazione (indiretta)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stesso, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già solo del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che serve per acquistarlo, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prescindendo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>concreto atteggiarsi della fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, potendo accadere che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscriva </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">con il promittente venditore</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> il preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> seguito poi da </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscrizione del contratto definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente acquisti l’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero ancora che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>doni al discendente il denaro necessario</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per procedere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al pertinente acquisto. Per la Corte in tutte queste ipotesi si è – all’evidenza - al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non rivestendosi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, è mosso dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo scopo e l’effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire gratuitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario: si deve pertanto avere riguardo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già tanto all’impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante, quanto piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>all’arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal donante) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>del donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo ultimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perseguito appunto dal donante, onde appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduttivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla Corte (come fa la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tesi formalistica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in precedenza sposata) affermare che tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento del beneficiario </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrisponda</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o valore) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uscito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante, e dunque del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro usato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per acquistare il divisato immobile. Mentre nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donatario) appare alla Corte predicabile, nelle ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per effetto di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> concluso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già direttamente con il donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (come appunto nelle ipotesi di donazione diretta) ma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come quando si utilizzi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>procedimento di donazione indiretta complesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui il donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’immobile acquistato dal venditore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con denaro del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde la corrispondenza in parola può non sussistere, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento del donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al tempo X potendosi palesare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in termini di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al precedente tempo Y. Sul versante dei rapporti tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale tra coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, coerentemente, la Corte ribadisce la tesi (ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggioritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) onde, valorizzando il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>consapevole e voluto collegamento negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>messa a disposizione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, anche in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">in comunione (ai sensi dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.179</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, comma 1, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera b</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.), in quanto sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>letterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la nozione di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>onnicomprensiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed inglobante in sé anche la “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, mentre sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non conta la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>personale</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la quale ultima </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> può assumersi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>requisito essenziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, essendo piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rilevante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il requisito opposto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>alla comunione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, questa sì </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>da specificarsi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> se si vuole </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’effetto della attribuibilità del bene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>al novero di</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quelli personali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del coniuge che lo riceve; laddove dunque un ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisti un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al proprio discendente coniugato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in regime di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, tale bene, - salva </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in senso contrario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - quale “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (seppure indiretta) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in comunione, sia perché il donante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ciò non vuole</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (salva appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’esplicita, opposta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà), sia perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>logica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della caduta di un bene acquistato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> risiede nel fatto che tale acquisto è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>precipitato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collaborazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sacrificio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>entrambi i coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, circostanza che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si verifica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel caso in cui il bene sia stato appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donato solo ad uno di essi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2001</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 29 marzo esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.4623 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 15 maggio esce la sentenza della III sezione della Cassazione n. 6711 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, assume ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>superata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2002</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 16 aprile esce la sentenza della I sezione della Cassazione n. 5461 che ribadisce la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> consistere in una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che viene posta in essere – piuttosto che attraverso la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – utilizzando lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>schema di un negozio oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, oltre a produrre </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’effetto tipico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che lo caratterizza (in quanto appunto negozio oneroso), produce </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ulteriore effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, connesso all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>animus donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di una delle parti, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento dell’altra parte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> senza riceverne un corrispettivo.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 26 agosto esce la sentenza della Cassazione n.12486 che, riprendendo quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>autorevolmente ed innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> affermato dalle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel 1992 - ribadisce che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>va abbandonato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tradizionale orientamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formalistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – inteso ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>individuare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile acquistato dal </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (segnatamente, a nome di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma a suo tempo uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante (aumentata degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per abbracciare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa opzione ermeneutica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – di stampo maggiormente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sostanzialistico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e più idonea </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scongiurare disparità di trattamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra coeredi – alla cui stregua </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quanto ha arricchito il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque in sostanza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al valore dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>aperta successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. La Corte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distingue</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro l’ipotesi in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente dona</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non può che essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il denaro medesimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui il genitore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ha inteso beneficiare il figlio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed il cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>reimpiego</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per l’acquisto dell’immobile </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non può avere rilievo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estraneo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>previsione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stessa del donante; dalla diversa ipotesi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro donato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specifico scopo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di consentire al discendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola, laddove si riscontra un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>preciso nesso di causalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dazione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>configurabilità della donazione (indiretta)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> stesso, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già solo del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che serve per acquistarlo, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prescindendo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> peraltro dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>concreto atteggiarsi della fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, potendo accadere che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscriva </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">con il promittente venditore</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> il preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> seguito poi da </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sottoscrizione del contratto definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ascendente acquisti l’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero ancora che l’ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>doni al discendente il denaro necessario</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per procedere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al pertinente acquisto. Per la Corte in tutte queste ipotesi si è – all’evidenza - al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non rivestendosi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, è mosso dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo scopo e l’effetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire gratuitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario: si deve pertanto avere riguardo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già tanto all’impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante, quanto piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>all’arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal donante) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>del donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo ultimo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perseguito appunto dal donante, onde appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduttivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla Corte (come fa la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tesi formalistica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in precedenza sposata) affermare che tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento del beneficiario </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrisponda</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o valore) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uscito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal patrimonio del donante, e dunque del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro usato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per acquistare il divisato immobile. Mentre nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donatario) appare alla Corte predicabile, nelle ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il beneficiario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per effetto di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> concluso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già direttamente con il donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (come appunto nelle ipotesi di donazione diretta) ma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come quando si utilizzi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>procedimento di donazione indiretta complesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui il donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si arricchisce</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’immobile acquistato dal venditore </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con denaro del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispondenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in parola </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>può non sussistere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento del donatario al tempo X</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> potendosi palesare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in termini di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento del donante al precedente tempo Y</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 6 novembre esce la sentenza del Tribunale di Napoli che annovera tra le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni indirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in particolari circostanze, il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto a favore di terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ex art.1411 c.c., la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prestazione del promittente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a favore del terzo potendo trovare la propria </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stipulante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, così configurandosi appunto una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, come tale, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non è sottoposta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>norme sulla forma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> proprie del contratto di donazione, ed in particolare all’art.782 c.c..</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2003</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 9 aprile esce la sentenza della III sezione della Cassazione n.5584 che, pronunciandosi in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, afferma come il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>nomen iuris</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio divisato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> hanno attribuito </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>le parti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal punto di vista </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non assuma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>importanza decisiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, né tampoco esso appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>idoneo a vincolare il giudice</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>qualificazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto, del contratto come tale.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2004</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 24 febbraio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.3642 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di immobile da parte dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ascendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ribadisce come si debba distinguere l’ipotesi della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, impiegato successivamente dal beneficiario in un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto immobiliare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>propria autonoma e distinta determinazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (in sostanza, con il denaro il beneficiario della liberalità </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>poteva farci qualunque cosa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e ha infine </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scelto autonomamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquistare un immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), nel qual caso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rimane il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro stesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, da quella in cui il donante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fornisca consapevolmente il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>precipuo mezzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto dell’immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, che costituisce </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’unico specifico fine</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, se pur </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mediato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde a rilevare è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esclusivamente l’</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>animus donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> inteso come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>consapevole volontà</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di (cosa) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in disparte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’operazione negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> all’uopo utilizzata (talvolta anche </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>complessa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">).</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 16 marzo esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.5333 che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato. La Corte, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, assume ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>superata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Si è dunque al cospetto di un solo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tesi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prevalente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto commutativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> costituendo lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strumento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> attraverso il quale si giunge – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per via indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - a quello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; la conseguenza è che si applica la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> propria del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto prescelto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con funzione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della donazione, come peraltro conferma lo stesso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice laddove individua le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>norme materiali sulle donazioni</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che possono applicarsi agli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti di liberalità diversi dalla donazione </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>tout court</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (donazioni “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indirette</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”), </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>senza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicitamente richiamato l’art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. ed il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rigore formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ivi prescritto (atto pubblico). La Corte ribadisce inoltre che nella particolare fattispecie in cui un soggetto stipula un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto preliminare di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>venditore di un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fornisce poi il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – che egli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intende beneficiare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – per la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stipula del definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> viene poi stipulato dal ridetto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>terzo beneficiario,</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (normalmente immobile) oggetto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sequenza preliminare-definitivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 10 luglio esce la sentenza del Tribunale di Torino che ribadisce come - perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valida</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – sia sufficiente che le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rispettino le forme</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritte per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>mezzo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di volta in volta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">divisato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 29 settembre esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.19601 onde, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, occorre </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>in primis</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ricercare individuandola, sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soggettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comune volontà dei contraenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, orientata a farvi luogo. Per la Corte poi, sul versante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>compravendita ad un prezzo inferiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto a quello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>effettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non integra, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di per sé</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, essendo all’uopo altresì </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>necessaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non solo la sussistenza di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sproporzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra le prestazioni, ma anche la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>significativa entità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di tale sproporzione, oltre alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indispensabile consapevolezza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, da parte dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>alienante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>insufficienza del corrispettivo ricevuto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del bene ceduto, funzionale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>all’arricchimento di controparte acquirente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> corrispondente alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>differenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore reale del bene ceduto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>minore entità del corrispettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ricevuto.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2005</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 13 ottobre esce la sentenza della III sezione del Tribunale di Genova che, sul versante dei rapporti tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale tra coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ribadisce la tesi (ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggioritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) onde, valorizzando il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>consapevole e voluto collegamento negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>messa a disposizione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, anche in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">in comunione (ai sensi dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.179</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, comma 1, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera b</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.), in quanto sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>letterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la nozione di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>onnicomprensiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed inglobante in sé anche la “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, mentre sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non conta la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>personale</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la quale ultima </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> può assumersi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>requisito essenziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, essendo piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rilevante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il requisito opposto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>alla comunione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, questa sì </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>da specificarsi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> se si vuole </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’effetto della attribuibilità del bene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>al novero di</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quelli personali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del coniuge che lo riceve; laddove dunque un ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisti un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al proprio discendente coniugato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in regime di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, tale bene, - salva </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in senso contrario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - quale “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (seppure indiretta) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in comunione, sia perché il donante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ciò non vuole</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (salva appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’esplicita, opposta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà), sia perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>logica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della caduta di un bene acquistato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> risiede nel fatto che tale acquisto è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>precipitato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collaborazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sacrificio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>entrambi i coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, circostanza che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si verifica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel caso in cui il bene sia stato appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donato solo ad uno di essi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2006</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 30 marzo esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 7507 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, assume ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>superata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 6 giugno esce la sentenza del Tribunale di Bologna che si occupa di una fattispecie in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegazione di pagamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegato</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non vi sia</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alcun previo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rapporto obbligatorio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, configurandosi dunque una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegazione c.d. “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>allo scoperto</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; in una simile fattispecie, l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atto solutorio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> posto in essere dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non obbligato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nei confronti del delegante) a beneficio del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>creditore delegatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si qualifica </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nei confronti del delegante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mutuo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, o come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mandato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero ancora come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atto di liberalità indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quest’ultimo caso ricorrendo allorché </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>manchi un corrispettivo o altra utilità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>revocabilità della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretta) in caso di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fallimento del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (il delegato appunto) ai sensi dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.64 della legge fallimentare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 7 giugno esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 13337 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, assume ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>superata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 12 giugno esce la sentenza delle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> n.13524 alla cui stregua per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è necessaria la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma dell’atto pubblico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> richiesta per la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, essendo invece sufficiente la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma dello schema negoziale adottato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, senza far menzione del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della c.d. prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Le SSUU ribadiscono dunque autorevolmente la tesi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e della conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>applicabilità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma prescritta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>strumento</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>” prescelto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti al fine di realizzare, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indirettamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa liberale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di una di esse.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 13 luglio esce la sentenza del Tribunale di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>Monza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, sul versante dei rapporti tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale tra coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ribadisce la tesi (ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggioritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) onde, valorizzando il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>consapevole e voluto collegamento negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>messa a disposizione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, anche in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">in comunione (ai sensi dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.179</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, comma 1, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera b</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.), in quanto sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>letterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la nozione di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>onnicomprensiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed inglobante in sé anche la “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, mentre sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non conta la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>personale</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la quale ultima </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> può assumersi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>requisito essenziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, essendo piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rilevante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il requisito opposto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>alla comunione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, questa sì </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>da specificarsi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> se si vuole </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’effetto della attribuibilità del bene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>al novero di</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quelli personali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del coniuge che lo riceve; laddove dunque un ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisti un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al proprio discendente coniugato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in regime di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, tale bene, - salva </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in senso contrario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - quale “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (seppure indiretta) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in comunione, sia perché il donante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ciò non vuole</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (salva appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’esplicita, opposta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà), sia perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>logica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della caduta di un bene acquistato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> risiede nel fatto che tale acquisto è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>precipitato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collaborazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sacrificio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>entrambi i coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, circostanza che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si verifica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel caso in cui il bene sia stato appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donato solo ad uno di essi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2007</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*Il 30 gennaio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 1955 che, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, assume ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>superata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la precedente giurisprudenza orientata a vedervi un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con applicabilità del c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>criterio della prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) per scorgervi, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>innovativamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per l’appunto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il quale le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>piegano la causa tipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> adottato (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparentemente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> commutativo e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) alla realizzazione di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2010</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 12 maggio esce la sentenza della I sezione della Cassazione n.11496 onde, in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta di un immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, realizzata mediante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’acquisto del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro proprio del disponente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>altro soggetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, che il disponente medesimo intenda in tal modo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beneficiare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>compravendita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> costituisce lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strumento formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>trasferimento del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed il corrispondente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento del patrimonio del destinatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>locupletazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che ha quindi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ad oggetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già il denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Tuttavia, prosegue la Corte, alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lesione di legittima</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di siffatta liberalità indiretta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si applica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>principio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quota legittima in natura</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (connaturata alla pertinente azione nell’ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione ordinaria di immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ex </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art. 560</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.), poiché l’azione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non mette in discussione la titolarità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dei </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni donati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e l’acquisizione riguarda il relativo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>controvalore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, mediante il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>metodo dell’imputazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; pertanto secondo la Corte, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>difettando</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il meccanismo di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>recupero reale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della titolarità del bene, il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore dell’investimento finanziato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dev’essere ottenuto dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>legittimario leso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>modalità tipiche del diritto di credito </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(pecuniario), con la conseguenza che, nell’ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fallimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donatario beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la domanda è sottoposta al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rito concorsuale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>accertamento del passivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (ex art. 52 e 93 l. fall.).</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2016</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">*il 2 febbraio esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n.1986 onde si ha </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allorquando il donante faccia luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a favore del donatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>utilizzando strumentalmente</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozi giuridici diversi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, pur conservando la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa loro propria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, sono appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indirettamente orientati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il donatario per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, mentre si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione simulata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allorché </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’atto compiuto</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a titolo oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>meramente apparente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, volendo le parti – nella realtà – porre in essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo un atto a titolo gratuito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">L’8 luglio esce la sentenza del Tribunale di Ivrea onde la mera cointestazione di un conto corrente bancario a favore di un soggetto diverso da quello che effettua il versamento delle somme non integra di per sé un atto di liberalità a favore del cointestatario, a meno che non venga riscontrata l’esistenza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>dell’animus donandi</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> consistente nell’accertamento che al momento della contestazione il proprietario del denaro già esistente sul conto non avesse altro scopo che quello di liberalità.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2017</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 4 gennaio esce l’ordinanza della I sezione della Cassazione n.106 che - in una fattispecie di c.d. </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bancogiro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - rimette alle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la questione afferente a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quale sia lo strumento utilizzabile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti per far luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>come funzionino</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> appunto le donazioni indirette e se </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sotto l’egida dell’art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. (con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non necessità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rigore formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescritto dall’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.) possa essere ricondotto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>qualunque strumento utile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> allo scopo, tanto che si tratti di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio giuridico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, quanto che si tratti di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o di semplice </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fatto giuridico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. In sostanza, la Corte chiede alle SSUU di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fare chiarezza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> su quando va utilizzata la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma solenne</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per essersi al cospetto in realtà di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ex </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.769</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.) e quando </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>se ne possa prescindere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, stante la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>effettiva configurabilità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta ex art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 27 luglio esce la sentenza delle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>SSUU</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> n.18725 secondo la quale, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>in primis</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, sono ipotesi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>potenzialmente riconducibili</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla figura della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ed alla relativa disciplina, il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto a favore di terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>pagamento di un’obbligazione altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> compiuto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dal terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> verso il debitore; </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’intestazione di beni a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per spirito di liberalità; i </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratti onerosi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui le parti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fissino un corrispettivo molto inferiore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore reale del bene trasferito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ovvero un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prezzo eccessivamente alto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a beneficio, rispettivamente, dell’acquirente o dell’alienante; la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinuncia abdicativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">. Sono invece, per la Corte, ipotesi riconducibili alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione ex art.769 c.c.</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (ed al relativo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>trasferimento del libretto di deposito a risparmio al portatore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> attuate a mezzo di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>titoli di credito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (assegno o cambiale); l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>elargizione di somme di danaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>importo non modico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> mediante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>assegni circolari</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che si chiede alla banca di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestare al beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’accollo interno</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui l’accollante, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>familiare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’accollato, si impegna a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>pagare in luogo di lui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rate di mutuo bancario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal medesimo contratto. La donazione indiretta, prosegue la Corte, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si identifica totalmente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con la donazione, cioè con il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rivolto a realizzare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specifica funzione dell’arricchimento diretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di un soggetto a carico di un altro soggetto, il donante, che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nulla ottiene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cambio in quanto agisce per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; si tratta piuttosto di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che si realizzano: (a) con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti diversi dal contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (ad esempio, con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozi unilaterali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’adempimento del terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinunce abdicative</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">); (b) con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (non tra donante e donatario) rispetto ai quali </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il beneficiario è terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; (c) con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> caratterizzati dalla presenza di un (qualche) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nesso di corrispettività tra attribuzioni patrimoniali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; (d) con la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>combinazione di più negozi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (come nel caso dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestazione di beni a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">). La configurazione della donazione “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>diretta</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” come un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto tipico a forma vincolata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - e sottoposto a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regole inderogabili</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - obbliga a fare ricorso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a questo contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per realizzare il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>passaggio immediato</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ingenti valori patrimoniali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da un soggetto ad un altro, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> essendo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ragionevolmente ipotizzabile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che il legislatore consenta il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>compimento in forme differenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di uno </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stesso atto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, imponendo, però, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’onere della forma solenne soltanto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quando le parti abbiano optato per il contratto di donazione. Più in particolare, per la Corte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nel bancogiro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>trasferimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per spirito di liberalità di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strumenti finanziari</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>conto di deposito titoli del beneficiante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a quello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>del beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, realizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a mezzo banca</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> attraverso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’esecuzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte di detta banca di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un ordine </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(appunto)</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> di bancogiro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> impartito dal disponente - l’operazione bancaria </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in adempimento dello </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>iussum</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> svolge una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>funzione meramente esecutiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atto negoziale ad esso esterno</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, intercorrente tra il beneficiante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>e il beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, il quale soltanto è in grado di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>giustificare gli effetti del trasferimento di valori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da un patrimonio all’altro; si è di fronte </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione trilaterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, attuata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indirettamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in ragione della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>realizzazione indiretta della </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>causa donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ma ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica ad esecuzione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di natura </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bilaterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in cui la banca svolge un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ruolo meramente esecutivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; nel </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bancogiro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, pur inquadrato nello schema della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che si innesta nel </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rapporto di mandato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sotteso a quello di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>conto corrente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la banca </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non può infatti rifiutarsi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>eseguire l’ordine</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> impartitole, in considerazione del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rapporto contrattuale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che la vincola al delegante, sempre che esista la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disponibilità di conto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e ciò a differenza di quanto avviene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nella delegazione (pura)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dove l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art. 1269, secondo comma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, cod. civ. consente al delegato, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ancorché debitore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del delegante, di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non accettare l’incarico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde il trasferimento scaturente dall’operazione di bancogiro rinviene la propria </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>giustificazione causale</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esclusivamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel rapporto intercorrente tra </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ordinante-disponente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dal quale dovrà desumersi se </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’accreditamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (atto neutro) è sorretto da </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>una giusta causa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; di talché, ove questa si atteggi come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>causa donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> occorre, ad evitare la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ripetibilità dell’attribuzione patrimoniale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da parte del donante, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’atto pubblico di donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra il beneficiante e il beneficiario (a meno che si tratti di donazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di modico valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">). La Corte precisa che il bancogiro </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> può essere visto né come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto a favore di terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, né come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>cointestazione di deposito bancario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (entrambi riconducibili alla figura della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">): </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è contratto a favore di terzo - schema attraverso il quale lo stipulante può realizzare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un’attribuzione patrimoniale indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a favore del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> avente i connotati della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spontaneità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disinteresse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – perché nel contratto a favore di terzo il patrimonio del promittente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>è direttamente coinvolto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>processo attributivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si configura come </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mera "</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>zona di transito</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>"</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra lo stipulante e il terzo, l’oggetto dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>attribuzione (indiretta) </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donandi causa</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in favore del terzo identificandosi con la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prestazione del promittente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con quanto prestato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dallo stipulante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al promittente medesimo, dovendosi anche considerare che nel contratto a favore di terzo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nasce immediatamente un diritto azionabile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal terzo verso il promittente, mentre </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il terzo beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che sia destinatario di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ordine di giro</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non acquista alcun diritto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nei confronti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>della banca</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> proveniente dal contratto che intercorre tra la banca medesima e l’ordinante, l’ordine di bonifico avendo natura di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio giuridico unilaterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>efficacia vincolante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> scaturisce da una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>precedente dichiarazione di volontà</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con la quale la banca si è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>obbligata ad eseguire i futuri incarichi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad essa conferiti dal cliente, ed il cui perfezionamento è circoscritto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>alla banca e all’ordinante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>estraneità del beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nei cui confronti l’incarico del correntista di effettuare il pagamento assume natura di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegazione di pagamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (il delegato al pagamento può essere </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>obbligato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ma </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo se si vincola personalmente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> verso il creditore delegatario e questi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>accetti l’obbligazione del delegato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ai sensi dell’art. 1269, primo comma, cod. civ.); </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>cointestazione del deposito bancario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - suscettibile di integrare gli estremi di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in favore del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>cointestatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>messa a disposizione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, senza obblighi di restituzione o di rendiconto, di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somme di denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in modo non corrispondente ai versamenti effettuati - perché </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>solo nella cointestazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si realizza una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>deviazione in favore del terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (operazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>trilaterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>effetti attributivi del contratto bancario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nel bancogiro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto di deposito titoli in amministrazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> conserva </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>integra</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa sua propria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, senza alcuna implementazione liberale, collocandosi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’ordine di bonifico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dato alla banca dal beneficiante nella fase di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mera esecuzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto bancario di riferimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (operazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bilaterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">). La Corte conclude nel senso onde il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>trasferimento per spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strumenti finanziari</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>conto di deposito titoli del beneficiante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a quello del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beneficiario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> realizzato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a mezzo banca</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, attraverso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’esecuzione di un ordine di bancogiro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> impartito dal disponente, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rientra tra le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni indirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ma configura una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione tipica ad esecuzione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; ne deriva che la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stabilità dell’attribuzione patrimoniale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> presuppone la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stipulazione dell’atto pubblico di donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra beneficiante e beneficiario, salvo che ricorra l’ipotesi della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione di modico valore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2018</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">L’11 gennaio esce l’ordinanza della VI sezione della Cassazione n. 536 che ribadisce l'autonomia delle domande di riduzione e di divisione e rileva che l'istituto della collazione opera o meno una volta accertata la donazione dell'atto ove la parte non abbia inteso far valere nel giudizio anche la qualità di legittimario.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 28 febbraio esce l’ordinanza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 4682 onde Nelle donazioni indirette l’intenzione di donare, non emergendo in via diretta, deve ricercarsi nelle circostanze che, caso per caso, caratterizzano il fatto, non essendo richiesto che tale intenzione abbia la stessa forma prevista per “l’atto utilizzato”.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 10 ottobre esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 24965 che, in tema di revocazione della donazione per ingratitudine, afferma che l'ingiuria grave richiesta dall'art. 801 c.c. quale presupposto necessario per la revocabilità di una donazione per ingratitudine, pur mutuando dal diritto penale la sua natura di offesa all'onore ed al decoro della persona, si caratterizza per la manifestazione esteriore del comportamento del donatario, che deve dimostrare un durevole sentimento di disistima delle qualità morali del donante e mancare rispetto alla dignità del donante: l'ingiuria deve, pertanto, essere espressione di radicata e profonda avversione o di perversa animosità verso il donante. Il comportamento del donante va quindi valutato non solo sotto il profilo oggettivo, ma anche nella sua potenzialità offensiva del patrimonio morale del donante, perché espressamente rivolta a ledere la sua sfera morale, tale da essere contraria a quel senso di riconoscenza che, secondo la coscienza comune, dovrebbero improntare l'atteggiamento del donatario. La Corte è consapevole che trattasi, evidentemente, di una formula aperta ai mutamenti dei costumi sociali, il cui discrimine è segnato dalla ripugnanza che detto comportamento suscita nella coscienza sociale, tuttavia, al momento, la relazione extraconiugale intrattenuta dal coniuge donatario costituisce ingiuria grave solo se ad essa si accompagna un atteggiamento di disistima ed avversione da parte del donante.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 25 ottobre esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 27050 onde per la validità delle donazioni indirette, cioè di quelle liberalità realizzate ponendo in essere un negozio tipico diverso da quello previsto dall'art. 782 cod. civ., è sufficiente l'osservanza delle forme prescritte per il negozio tipico utilizzato per realizzare lo scopo di liberalità, dato che l'art. 809 cod. civ., nello stabilire le norme sulle donazioni applicabili agli altri atti di liberalità realizzati con negozi diversi da quelli previsti dall'art. 769 cod. civ., non richiama l'art. 782 cod. civ., che prescrive l'atto pubblico per la donazione. In tali fattispecie, l'attribuzione gratuita viene attuata, quale effetto indiretto, con il negozio oneroso, che corrisponde alla reale intenzione delle parti ed alla quale, pertanto, non si applicano i limiti alla prova testimoniale - in materia di contratti e simulazione - che valgono, invece, per il negozio tipico utilizzato per realizzare tale scopo. </span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2019</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 23 gennaio esce la sentenza della V sezione della Cassazione n. 1761 che ribadisce l’orientamento secondo cui per l'ipotesi di accertamento del reddito con metodo sintetico è ammessa la prova contraria da parte del contribuente, che può consistere anche nella dimostrazione che i beni o gli importi contestati quali indici di capacità contributiva non siano effettivamente entrati nella sua disponibilità, in quanto derivanti da un atto simulato, che non ne implica la corrispondente e reale disponibilità economica. A tal fine l'atto dissimulato che ordinariamente può invocarsi è quello di liberalità, di donazione o comunque a causa gratuita. Questo orientamento, condivisibile perché concilia comunque il riconoscimento di forme di accertamento presuntivo del reddito con il principio, immanente, della capacità contributiva prescritto dall'art. 53 Cost., trovava già ingresso nella giurisprudenza meno recente. Si affermava infatti che la sottoscrizione di un atto pubblico, quale l'atto di compravendita, contenente la dichiarazione di pagamento di una somma di denaro da parte del contribuente, può costituire elemento sulla cui base determinare induttivamente il reddito in forza di presunzioni semplici, applicabili dall'ufficio nell'ipotesi di accertamento sintetico, risalendo dal fatto noto e quello ignoto, senza che potesse ravvisarsi la violazione del principio costituzionale della capacità contributiva, di cui all'art. 53 della Costituzione. In tale caso infatti è sempre consentita, sebbene con onere a carico del contribuente, la prova contraria in ordine al fatto che manca del tutto una disponibilità patrimoniale, in ragione della natura simulata dell'atto stipulato, sicchè esso ha natura solo apparentemente onerosa mentre il negozio dissimulato ha causa gratuita. Da ciò infatti consegue la sola mera apparenza della ulteriore capacità contributiva evincibile dal negozio simulato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Ciò posto, occorre sempre chiarire con quale prova il contribuente dovrà in concreto dimostrare la natura gratuita del negozio dissimulato. Non è certo sufficiente la sola esibizione di documentazione bancaria, che se dalla giurisprudenza di legittimità trova pieno ingresso ai fini della dimostrazione del possesso di altri redditi esenti o assoggettati a ritenuta alla fonte a titolo d'imposta, e ciò per l'idoneità alla prova della natura e della provenienza della provvista utilizzata per l'acquisto, al contrario non può costituire prova sufficiente della natura liberale dell'atto la mancanza di provvista, dovendosi in questo caso allegare ad altri indizi. Infatti, se si invoca la gratuità del negozio, l'assenza di riscontri della provvista nella documentazione bancaria non impedisce di ritenere che essa sia stata diversamente ed occultamente acquisita, a tal fine correttamente deducendosi che «in materia di simulazione negoziale, specie con riguardo al pagamento del prezzo, la prova negativa costituita dalla documentazione bancaria è di per sè stessa inidonea a dimostrare la diversa causa negoziale sottostante al tipo formalizzato, atteso che le risultanze degli estratti conto non hanno alcuna attinenza certa e causalmente efficiente rispetto all'adempimento dell'obbligazione del prezzo, nel negozio, simulato come oneroso che si assume celarne uno gratuito, atteso che la provvista necessaria all'adempimento del prezzo può provenire dalle tante altre fonti, e può avere come sua destinazione tanti altri canali, non esauribili - ne' quelle ne questi - in quelli bancari».</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Neppure è di per sé sufficiente ricorrere al principio della presunzione di liberalità degli atti di compravendita tra coniugi o tra parenti in linea retta (o tali considerati ai fini delle imposte di successione), pure invocata dalla contribuente nel presente giudizio, trattandosi innanzitutto di presunzione relativa, a seguito dell'intervento della Corte Costituzionale con sentenza n. 41 del 1999.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Resta invece incontestabile che, nella ipotesi in cui il contribuente invochi la natura liberale dell'incremento patrimoniale, allo stesso spetterà allegare quelle prove, o quell'insieme di indizi, che all'organo giudicante spetterà sottoporre al suo vaglio e che, nella seconda ipotesi, lo obbligheranno al rispetto delle regole sulla prova presuntiva. Non è infatti in contestazione che in tema di accertamento sintetico, ai sensi dell'art. 38 co 4, d.P.R n. 600 del 1973 (nella formulazione applicabile "</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>ratione temporis</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">"), una volta che l'Amministrazione abbia dimostrato, anche mediante un unico elemento certo, la divergenza tra il reddito risultante attraverso la determinazione analitica e quello attribuibile al contribuente, quest'ultimo sia onerato della prova contraria in ordine alla presunzione che alla emersione di un indice di ricchezza corrisponda un reddito non dichiarato.</span></p> <p class="western" align="center"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">* * *</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 18 settembre esce l’ordinanza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 23260 onde la donazione indiretta è caratterizzata dal perseguito fine di liberalità, e non già dal mezzo giuridico impiegato, che può essere il più vario, nei limiti consentiti dall'ordinamento, e consiste in atti o negozi la cui combinazione produce l'effetto, eccedente rispetto al mezzo, di un'attribuzione patrimoniale gratuita.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">In particolare, allegato il pagamento di un debito quale fattispecie di donazione indiretta, è altresì implicitamente dedotto il mancato regresso o la mancata surrogazione, senza i quali l'attribuzione patrimoniale non sarebbe configurabile. A nulla rileva l'esistenza o meno di un interesse proprio del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>solvens</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> all'adempimento, sia perché il requisito di liberalità dell'atto presuppone un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>posterius</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto al solo pagamento, sia in quanto il carattere indiretto della donazione postula per sua stessa definizione un collegamento funzionalmente inscindibile di atti.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>2020</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">Il 4 marzo esce la sentenza della II sezione della Cassazione n. 6080 che, affrontando il più ampio tema delle regole ermeneutiche degli atti unilaterali, conferma che è impossibile ipotizzabile un preliminare di donazione, perché incompatibile con lo spirito di liberalità, che è elemento essenziale della donazione; la presenza di un futuro obbligo negoziale a contrarre comporta, in capo al donante, l'obbligo di manifestare in un successivo definitivo atto la propria determinazione alla liberalità che, viceversa, nel contratto di donazione è frutto di una volontà spontaneamente ed istantaneamente manifestata.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">La giurisprudenza già da tempo si è espressa nel senso che una promessa di donazione non è giuridicamente produttiva di obbligo a contrarre, perché la coazione all'adempimento, cui il promittente sarebbe soggetto, contrasta con il requisito della spontaneità della donazione, il quale deve sussistere al momento del contratto. Si afferma infatti che la cessione della proprietà non può essere legittimamente qualificata "preliminare di donazione" pena la sua insanabile nullità, "essendo la donazione actus legitimus che non ammette preliminare.</span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>Questioni intriganti</b></span></p> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>In cosa consiste la c.d. donazione indiretta o liberalità atipica?</b></span></p> <ol type="a"> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">si tratta di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intera categoria di atti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> giuridicamente rilevanti;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">tali atti </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non sono “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>formali</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come lo è la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>diretta</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” di cui agli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>articoli 769 e seguenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">essi perseguono tuttavia – come la donazione diretta - uno </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scopo di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque sono orientati ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il destinatario </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>depauperando</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ad un tempo, il disponente;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">a chi ritiene che le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità atipiche</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non corrispondano</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni indirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (assumendo configurabili </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità atipiche non donative</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) si contrappone l’orientamento maggioritario secondo il quale le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità atipiche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sono solo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un altro modo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per definire le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni indirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dovendosi tener conto del fatto che la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - avvinta come essa è ad un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interesse non patrimoniale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>personale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del disponente - non può che essere appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>una donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che, se </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atipica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, è “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>informale</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” e dunque </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>già solo per questo indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">da un lato si ha dunque la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione formale</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>e diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dall’altro – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per esclusione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - l’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intera congerie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti donativi “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indiretti</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (come quella della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) si compendia nell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>animus donandi</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, vale a dire nello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interesse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (personale) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>orientato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire il donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (ancorché “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indiretto</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”);</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">dal punto di vista della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>natura giuridica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si possono isolare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>3 diverse opzioni ermeneutiche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: g.1) la donazione indiretta compendia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sempre</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con la conseguenza onde – poiché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disciplina del negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> resta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quella propria del negozio tipico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> cui le parti hanno fatto luogo, ovvero del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>c.d. negozio mezzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, che è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>punto di passaggio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per gli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ulteriori scopi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> divisati dalle parti medesime, alla donazione indiretta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si applica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la disciplina della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con particolare riguardo alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), ma quella del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio tipico prescelto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per raggiungere (indirettamente) il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> divisato; g.2) la donazione indiretta compendia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sovente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e tuttavia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non sempre</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, potendo piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>talvolta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> far luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fattispecie di negozio misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come nel classico caso del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>plausibile necessità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in questo caso di applicare la disciplina, anche </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">); g.3) la donazione indiretta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non è mai un negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con scopo donativo), come dimostra il fatto che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>molte fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> pacificamente ricondotte appunto alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>categoria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (unitaria) della donazione indiretta non vedono </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>neppure coinvolto il donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretto), quanto piuttosto un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soggetto terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come nelle ipotesi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>pagamento del debito altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (assistito da fine di liberalità) ovvero del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto a favore di terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (parimenti assistito da fine di liberalità), laddove il negozio posto in essere ha una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>propria funzione oggettiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si configura </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nessuno scopo indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e – all’opposto – la liberalità </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>deriva direttamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio divisato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; ciò implica, per conseguenza, che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>occorre applicare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la disciplina della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con particolare riguardo al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rigore formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che la contraddistingue.</span></p> </li> </ol> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>In cosa differisce la donazione indiretta dalla donazione simulata?</b></span></p> <ol type="a"> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">donazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>simulata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: vi è un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>appare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e che tuttavia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non corrisponde</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>realmente voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti, che nella realtà vogliono solo un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio gratuito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(cause </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distinte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>apparente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>reale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">);</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">donazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: vi è un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio che appare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a valle</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del quale affiora una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ma il negozio che appare è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>effettivamente voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>all’uopo concluso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che gli è propria, al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fine tutt’affatto strumentale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di approdare alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>divisata liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretta) e dunque di far luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa ulteriore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, alla prima </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collegata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> appunto attraverso un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nesso di strumentalità </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(cause </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distinte</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tutte reali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collegate</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra loro).</span></p> </li> </ol> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>Cosa occorre ricordare a proposito del </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>negotium mixtum cum donatione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>?</b></span></p> <ol type="a"> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">si tratta di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio commutativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(apparentemente solo) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>onerosa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">tra le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prestazioni corrispettive</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è tuttavia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>volutamente presente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soggettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) una considerevole </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sproporzione </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(versante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">);</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">ciò consente di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>raggiungere, indirettamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>finalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che trascende lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra le parti;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>finalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> si compendia nell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento (indiretto) di una delle parti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad opera (e per volontà) dell’altra, cui è sotteso lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della parte che arricchisce l’altra;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">ne affiora una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, come tale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non soggetta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma pubblica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">dal punto di vista della natura giuridica, si profilano diverse tesi: f.1) si tratta di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>due negozi collegati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra loro giusta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interdipendenza bilaterale:</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> uno </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per la parte di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diritto alienato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in relazione alla quale viene pagato, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>pro quota</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’intero corrispettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) e l’altro </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>gratuito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per la parte di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diritto alienato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che viene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ceduta gratuitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla controparte, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della medesima per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">); muovendo da questa </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ricostruzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’intero contratto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è soggetto alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atto pubblico </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dal momento che la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>volontà del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è stata circondata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>ex lege</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>garanzie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che sarebbero </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>eluse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> se si optasse per la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>libertà di forma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quota di diritto alienata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (verso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>corrispettivo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), si applicano le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>norme della vendita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rescissione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>evizione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in caso di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dolo dell’alienante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; per la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quota di diritto donata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchire</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la controparte) si applicano le norme sulla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per quanto concerne la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>revoca per ingratitudine o sopravvenienza di figli</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per eventuale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lesione di legittima</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; si tratta di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tesi (risalente) criticata</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> laddove </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scompone</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in due negozi collegati (uno oneroso e l’altro gratuito) quello che in realtà è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un unico negozio globalmente considerato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dal momento che anche se lo si guarda dal lato del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disponente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la prestazione nei confronti dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquirente-donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>unica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, anche se </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>idealmente scissa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>due parti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa causa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; f.2) si tratta di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>un solo contratto misto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tesi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>recessiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>causa mista</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mescolanza delle cause di fattispecie tipiche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, una di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: premesso che un elemento di scambio </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>deve sussistere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente configurabilità di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>qualche prezzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – seppure </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sproporzionato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore della </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>res</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> oggetto della disposizione – facendosi altrimenti luogo ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>vendita a prezzo simbolico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>nummo uno</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) che corrisponde ad una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con conseguente necessità in tal caso della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma scritta </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), si applica </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in prima battuta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il criterio della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prevalenza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente operatività del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime del negozio “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>prevalente</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>assorbente</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”); laddove il criterio della prevalenza </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non possa operare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si applica il criterio della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>combinazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (che può scattare anche laddove si applichi il criterio della prevalenza, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in aggiunta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e nei limiti della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>compatibilità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), onde operano – combinandosi tra loro – le regole del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e quelle del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto donativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; f.3) si tratta di un solo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (tesi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>prevalente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto commutativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> costituendo lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strumento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> attraverso il quale si giunge – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per via indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - a quello </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donativo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; la conseguenza è che si applica la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> propria del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto prescelto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (con funzione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non già</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>forma </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della donazione, come peraltro conferma lo stesso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice laddove individua le </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>norme materiali sulle donazioni</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dirette</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che possono applicarsi agli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atti di liberalità diversi dalla donazione </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>tout court</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (donazioni “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indirette</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”), </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>senza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che sia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicitamente richiamato l’art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. ed il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rigore formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ivi prescritto (atto pubblico); si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui – dal punto di vista </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale e formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – si segue il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regime proprio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">(</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>direttamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">)</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> voluto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti, che è un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>negozio di scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per il quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non occorre la forma scritta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per atto pubblico </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, mentre si applicano </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tutte le altre disposizioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> previste per lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>schema negoziale oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> prescelto dalle parti (sempre che siano </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>compatibili</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>complessiva operazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> divisata dalle parti medesime, che vuole </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esitare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di una di esse per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’altra); se invece si guarda al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>risultato perseguito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dalle parti medesime, vale a dire all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento di una di esse</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>spirito di liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla quale si applica la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>disciplina</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> contenuta nell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c., che rappresenta una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>novità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>codice del 1865</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque le norme che regolano la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>revocazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per ingratitudine o sopravvenienza di figli), quelle che disciplinano la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">si discute in ordine all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>applicabilità o meno</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla fattispecie, in via </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>analogica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dell’’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.797, n.3,</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c., e della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>garanzia per evizione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ivi prevista a favore del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, propendendosi in dottrina per la tesi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>affermativa</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> sul presupposto dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>applicabilità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di detta norma alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione modale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quella remuneratoria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con conseguente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>operatività della norma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>a fortiori</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, nel caso del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>negotium mixtum cum donatione</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la cui fattispecie </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggiormente si avvicina</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>compravendita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (che è appunto la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>sedes materiae</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della garanzia per evizione).</span></p> </li> </ol> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>In cosa consiste e che problemi pone la fattispecie della intestazione di beni a nome altrui?</b></span></p> <ol type="a"> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">si tratta di una fattispecie di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>a valle</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’operazione, il donatario (indiretto) si ritrova </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>titolare di un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per lo più </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">), </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>senza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> averne </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sopportato l’onere economico</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di pertinente acquisto, sobbarcatosi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dal donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretto);</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">si profilano </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diverse possibili fattispecie</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: c.1) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta di denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al donatario, gravata dall’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>onere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>modus</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquistare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con tale denaro il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene divisato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; c.2) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>contratto a favore di terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>promittente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>venditore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del bene che, ricevuto il corrispettivo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dallo stipulante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (donante indiretto), lo trasferisce </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>al terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (donatario indiretto), e non allo stipulante che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>glielo paga</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; c.3) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mandato ad acquistare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretto) è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mandante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, mentre il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mandatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (indiretto) il quale, una volta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquistato il bene</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nell’interesse del mandante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (donatario), </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rinuncia</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per spirito di liberalità a chiedergli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in ripetizione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quanto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>speso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per l’acquisto del bene medesimo; c.4) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collegamento negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, in cui il donatario (indiretto) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquista a titolo oneroso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene divisato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>dal terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e tuttavia </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non ne paga il prezzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> perché a ciò provvede il donante (indiretto) in veste di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>terzo adempiente ex art.1180</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. ovvero di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>terzo assuntore del debito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (a titolo di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>delegazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>espromissione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>accollo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: art.1268 e seguenti c.c.);</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">poiché si è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>certamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, occorre </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>in primis</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> verificare se si tratta di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>liberalità diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, nel primo caso dovendosi osservare il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rigore formale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> previsto dall’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.782</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c.;</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">altro problema, è quello di verificare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quale sia l’oggetto della liberalità</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> donativa, se il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> fornito per l’acquisto (a titolo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con annessa necessità dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atto pubblico </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ad substantiam</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>indiretto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) ovvero il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (immobile) con esso </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquistato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (a titolo indiretto), perché detto oggetto è anche - potenzialmente - </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’oggetto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> delle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>possibili azioni di revocazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (che gli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>articoli 737 e 809</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. prevedono </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>anche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in caso di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">);</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">i </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>problemi maggiori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> li solleva, con riguardo alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestazione a terzi familiari</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (in genere, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>discendenti</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) di beni immobili (che dunque vengono </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestati a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> rispetto a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>chi concretamente sopporta l’onere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dell’acquisto del bene in parola), la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; si profila infatti una netta alternativa: f.1) tesi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>più remota</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>oggetto della donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma di denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per acquistare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene immobile in parola: in questo caso il donatario è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>debitore</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di un </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>obbligo di valuta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – a titolo appunto di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – corrispondente alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma che gli è stata donata in vita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i>de cuius</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con l’aggiunta degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>interessi legali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; è l’opzione ermeneutica abbracciata da chi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valorizza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> da un lato la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera dell’art.737</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. - onde le norme sulla collazione assumono a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>punto di riferimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non già il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>quantum</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> di arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donatario, quanto piuttosto il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>quantum</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> di impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del donante (“</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>ciò che si è ricevuto dal defunto</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”) e, dunque, la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma di denaro</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>uscita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal relativo patrimonio al fine di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquistare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’immobile ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestarlo a nome altrui</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per esempio, al figlio) – e dall’altro la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera dell’art.1923</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. – onde, in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>assicurazione sulla vita a favore del terzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, si guarda ai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>premi pagati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dall’assicurato, e dunque ancora una volta a </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ciò che in termini monetari è uscito</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal relativo patrimonio, per individuare, quanto alle </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazioni</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, l’oggetto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione per lesione di legittima</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>revocazione per frode ai creditori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o, appunto, della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - ; una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>freccia nell’arco</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di questa tesi è il fatto che in sede di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>definitiva stesura del codice civile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è stato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>soppresso l’art.357</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del relativo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>progetto preliminare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, dove invece si prevedeva </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicitamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> – quale oggetto di conferimento – </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’immobile acquistato dall’ascendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>intestato al discendente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; f.2) tesi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>più recente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: oggetto della donazione è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene immobile stesso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: in questo caso il donatario è tenuto ad </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>operare la collazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>conferendo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” lo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>stesso immobile ricevuto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> a titolo di liberalità (indiretta), giusta il disposto dell’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.746 c.c.</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collazione in natura</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ivi prevista, ovvero “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>conferendo</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>somma</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che corrisponde al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>relativo valore di mercato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quando </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si apre la successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, giusta il disposto degli </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>articoli 746 e 747</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. e la collazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>per imputazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ivi prevista; questa tesi è condivisa da chi ritiene che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>occorre guardare</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con attenzione al </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>reale intento del donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (per giunta, nella collazione ormai </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>de cuius</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) nei riguardi del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, onde </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non conta tanto l’impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quanto, appunto, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’arricchimento (voluto) del donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, assumendo come punto di riferimento il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valore del bene immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> acquistato e intestato al donatario medesimo al momento in cui </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>si è aperta la successione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (e ciò non solo in caso di collazione, ma anche di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>revocazione per frode ai creditori</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ovvero di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>riduzione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per perpetrata </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lesione della quota di legittima</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">); si tratta di un orientamento che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>valorizza</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collegamento negoziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> tra la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>messa a disposizione del denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (che corrisponde all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>impoverimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> indiretto) ed il successivo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> con tale denaro (che corrisponde all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>arricchimento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donatario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> indiretto);</span></p> </li> <li> <p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">analoga questione si pone in tema di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>caduta in comunione legale</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>tra coniuge</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dei </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni donati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ad uno di essi: g.1) se si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta del bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (sovente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>immobile</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) si applica </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’art.179, comma 1, lettera b)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del codice civile onde è sufficiente dimostrare che il bene in questione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>è stato assegnato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> al coniuge a titolo (di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>successione ereditaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ovvero) di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (quale che essa sia), per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> appunto il ridetto bene dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; nella stessa norma viene tuttavia previsto che il bene divisato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>cada in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> quando </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nell’”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nel testamento</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) venga </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> che esso è appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>attribuito alla comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e poiché nella </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>indiretta</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>nulla</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> viene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, il problema che si è posto è capire se si applica </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in ogni caso</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’art.179, comma 1, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera b)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, ovvero debba applicarsi piuttosto la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regola generale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di cui all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>art.177, comma 1, lettera a)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> c.c. quale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisto </b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">compiuto dal coniuge</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b> (donatario)</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in costanza di matrimonio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; si fronteggiano sul punto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>due opzioni ermeneutiche</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">: g.1.1.) una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>minoritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> secondo la quale il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene oggetto di donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (a differenza di quello oggetto di donazione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">) cadrebbe </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, stante il c.d. “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>favor communionis</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” e la natura </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>eccezionale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> delle ipotesi disciplinate dall’art.179 rispetto alla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>regola generale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, appunto, della caduta in comunione </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>di tutti gli acquisti di ciascuno dei coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in costanza di matrimonio, come dimostrerebbe anche la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>diversa espressione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> utilizzata dal legislatore, che parla in poche righe dapprima di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (diretta) e poi di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, proprio per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>distinguere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> questa seconda ipotesi dalla prima; g.1.2) una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>maggioritaria</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> secondo la quale, all’opposto, anche in ipotesi di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione indiretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cadrebbe</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in comunione, in quanto sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>letterale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> la nozione di “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>atto di liberalità</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” appare </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>onnicomprensiva</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> ed inglobante in sé anche la “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">”, mentre sul crinale </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>strutturale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> non conta la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>specificazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>personale</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, la quale ultima </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> può assumersi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>requisito essenziale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> per </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il bene donato dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, essendo piuttosto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>rilevante</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> il requisito opposto della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>destinazione “</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>alla comunione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>”</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, questa sì </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>da specificarsi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> se si vuole </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>escludere</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> l’effetto della attribuibilità del bene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>al novero di</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>quelli personali</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del coniuge che lo riceve; laddove dunque un ascendente </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>acquisti un bene</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lo intesti al proprio discendente coniugato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in regime di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, tale bene, - salva </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>esplicita</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in senso contrario</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> - quale “</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><i><b>donazione</b></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">” (seppure indiretta) </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non cade</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> in comunione, sia perché il donante </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>ciò non vuole</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> (salva appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’esplicita, opposta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> manifestazione di volontà), sia perché la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>logica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della caduta di un bene acquistato </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>in comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> risiede nel fatto che tale acquisto è il </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>precipitato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> della </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>collaborazione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> e del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>sacrificio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>entrambi i coniugi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, circostanza che </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>non si verifica</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nel caso in cui il bene sia stato appunto </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donato solo ad uno di essi</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">; g.2) se invece si è al cospetto di una </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>donazione diretta</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>denaro</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, con la quale poi </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il donatario decide autonomamente</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di acquistare il bene divisato, il bene medesimo </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>cade in comunione</b></span> <span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> salvo che si verifichino le (residuali) condizioni previste dall’art.179, comma 1, </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>lettera f)</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, vale a dire se viene </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>espressamente dichiarato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nell’atto di acquisto che il bene viene acquistato dal coniuge </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>con il prezzo</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>trasferimento dei beni personali elencati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> nella stessa norma ai numeri precedenti, ovvero con </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>il relativo scambio</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e dunque se risulta dall’atto di acquisto che il coniuge </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>compra con denaro che gli è stato donato</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">, e che dunque è </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>bene personale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> del quale ha la disponibilità a tale titolo (peraltro nel caso di acquisto di </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>beni immobili</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> o </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>mobili registrati</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> è necessaria la </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>partecipazione dell’altro coniuge</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> all’</span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>atto di acquisto</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> dal quale risulta </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>l’esclusione</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"> di detto bene dalla </span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;"><b>comunione legale</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial Narrow, Arial Narrow, sans-serif;">).</span></p> </li> </ol>
